Overview

Autonomous navigation research at NSL targets the demanding requirements of self-driving vehicles and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). These applications require sub-decimeter positioning accuracy, continuous availability, and extremely high integrity — far beyond what conventional GNSS can provide alone. We develop multi-sensor fusion systems that meet these stringent requirements.

Research Topics

Autonomous Vehicle Localization

Self-driving cars require lane-level positioning accuracy (< 0.1 m) in all weather and lighting conditions. Our research integrates:

  • GNSS/INS as the primary navigation backbone
  • LiDAR point cloud matching against HD maps
  • Camera-based lane detection and landmark recognition
  • HD Map fusion for absolute position correction
  • Vehicle odometry for additional constraints

UAV Navigation

Unmanned aerial vehicles face unique navigation challenges including high dynamics, weight constraints, and operation in both urban and GPS-degraded environments. We research:

  • Lightweight GNSS/IMU systems for small UAVs
  • Vision-aided navigation using optical flow and visual odometry
  • Safe landing zone detection using onboard sensors
  • Geofencing and corridor navigation using precise positioning

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM)

When HD maps are unavailable, SLAM algorithms can simultaneously build a map while localizing within it. We develop:

  • LiDAR-SLAM for outdoor environments
  • Visual-inertial SLAM for indoor/GPS-denied scenarios
  • GNSS-aided SLAM for globally consistent maps
  • Tightly-coupled optimization using factor graphs

Deep Learning for Navigation

Machine learning is transforming navigation systems. Our research applies:

  • Neural networks for GNSS signal quality assessment
  • Deep learning-based pedestrian dead reckoning
  • End-to-end learning for visual odometry
  • GNSS positioning error prediction using neural networks

Test Platforms

  • Ground vehicle equipped with GNSS, IMU, LiDAR, and cameras
  • Fixed-wing and multirotor UAVs for aerial navigation testing
  • ROS-based software stack for rapid algorithm development

Applications

Our research directly enables technologies for:

  • Level 4/5 autonomous driving
  • Last-mile delivery drones
  • Urban air mobility (UAM) vehicles
  • Precision agriculture UAVs